| Field Name |
Data Description |
| Test Name |
Lysozyme. |
| Code |
Lysozyme (Muramidase). |
|
CPT Code |
85549 |
| Last Modified |
4/25/2018 8:55:00 AM |
| Test Name |
Lysozyme. |
| Synonyms |
Lysozy, Murami, Lyso S, Muramidase, Serum |
| Patient Preparation |
|
| Spec. Requirements |
Blood |
| Tube |
Red or Gold |
| Collection Volume |
Red 4.0 mL or Gold 3.5 mL |
| Storage |
Ambient or Refrigerated 4 Days, Frozen 14 Days |
| Routine TAT |
|
| STAT TAT |
N/A |
| Days Test Performed |
|
| Performed by BHS |
None |
| See Availability |
|
| Reference Lab |
LabCorp of America |
| Reference Lab Code |
080713 Lysozyme, Serum |
| Clinical Use |
Differential diagnosis of leukemia. Present in association with some cases of myelogenous leukemia and in most cases of monocytic leukemia. Serum lysozyme has been proposed as a parameter for monitoring disease progression/regression in cases of proven sarcoidosis.[2] Revised FAB (French, American, British) criteria indicate that serum or urine lysozyme levels 3x normal fulfill one of three criteria for the presence of M4/M5 (acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation) vs M2 (acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation). Lysozyme, a hydrolytic enzyme and bacteriolyticglycosidase, when present in large amounts may appear as a far cathodal migrating ("cationic") band on serum or urine protein electrophoresis. Lysozyme has been found in all three human neutrophil granules (azurophil, specific, and gelatinase types).[3] It is elevated in some cases of myelogenous, and most cases of myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia. The elevation is proportional to the degree of monocytic differentiation and to tumor cell burden and, if marked, can result in potassium wasting and hypokalemia.[4] Lysozyme has been found within the granules of normal and leukemic eosinophils by immunoelectron microscopic study. Elevated serum lysozyme may not establish the presence of monocytic differentiation in cases of acute myelogenous leukemia with eosinophilia.[5] The level of serum lysozyme has been used as a predictor of CNS involvement in these leukemias.[6] Serum lysozyme has been shown to be elevated in a number of conditions, including tuberculosis and sarcoidosis as well as leukemia.[2] Sensitivity for pre- diction of sarcoidosis was 79% in a recent study (compare that of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) at 59% in the same study).[2] The serum lysozyme level increased with the number of organs involved. Serum lysozyme, however, is less specific for sarcoidosis than serum ACE. When utilizinga turbidimetric method for measurement of serum lysozyme activity, there was evidence that such an assay was useful in differentiating infection from rejection in transplant recipients.[7]
|
| Reference Range |
Male: 3.0−12.8 μg/mL; female: 2.5−12.9 μg/mL |
| Critical Value |
|
|
Component |
|
|
Reference Range |
|
|
Critical Value |
|
 |
|
| Testing Sample Type |
Serum |
| Min Lab Testing Volume |
0.2 mL |
| Special Handling |
Centrifuge serum specimens within 1 hour of collection. Transfer serum to seterile, plastic, screw-capped vial(s). Freeze and ship frozen samples on dry ice.
|
| Lab Notes |
Collection: Transfer specimen to a plastic transport tube before shipment.
State patient's sex on the test request form. |
| Methodology |
ENZ - Enzymatic |
| Limitations |
Test may lack specificity when applied to classification of acute leukemia (occasional false-positive cases of M1, M2, and M6).[1]
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